FOURTH QUIZ

PERCEPTION of EARLY REQUIREMENT ANALYSE.

CONCEPT of INVESTIGATION SYSTEM

- Difference of between target of system and system condition in fact

- Report detect the problem do not really real

1. Target too ideal

2. Lacking of resource and or attitude

3.System measurement less be accurate

4. System target of under developed

5. Difference of between system of ideal and system of whereas

- Problem Solving:

1. System Formulation which is walk

2.Getting ideal system consensus

3. Developing some alternative

4. Chosening best alternative

Investigation target is show the problem which is in fact happened

CONSTRAINT IN SYSTEM of INVESTIGATION

Some constraint which often emerge in Conducting invesment of like :

1.Time

2.Expense

3. Science

4.Political

5.Interference

Result from investigation is a containing recommendation for example :

1.Do not bring an action against because is not found by a problem

2.Conducting system conservancy

3. Improving ability or wearer skill

4.Considering system modification totally

5. Placing problem that happened into plan of system development which is immediately conducted

INVESTIGATION TACTICS

-Tactics in needing to to find all problem, knowing cause of problem appearance, determining correct solution

-Conducted so that all system element can accept the solution offer without bothering their activity

- Some tactics which can be conducted:

1. Listening opinion of system perpetrator

2.Don't give the resolving of early

3. Comparing story of some people of system perpetrator to same case

4.Paying attention to problem of inkonsistensi logical

- Technique directly:

1. Kuesioner

2.Question and answer

3. Perception

- Technique indirectly:

1. Procedure stream

2. Learning document

3. Sampel

4. Tabular

DESKRIPSI SYSTEM

- Input

-Output

- File

-Data element

-Volume of Transaction and action document

-flow chart Data

REQUIREMENT OF ANALYSIS.

intensive Interaction Phase between system analyst by end is user of where team of system development show its membership to get the response and wearer belief so that get the good participation

4.TARGET WHICH WISH REACHED

- Explaining system completely

-Depicting ideal information system

-Bringing ideal information system to condition in this time by paying attention to resource constraint

-Giving motivation to wearer confidence into system development

Method :

- Question And Answer

- Kuisioner

- Observation

- Procedure analyse the

- Document perception

Resource constraint of like:

Time, Money, Membership, Technological and Factor Eksternal

The Requirement Document analyse

- Instruction analyse the : Relation with the final wearer, perception process, problem of data collecting

- Wearer Requirement : Requirement in fact, Report requirement, requirement of training and new system influence

- System Constraint : Explaining constraint of time and expense, membership, technological and factor eksternal

- Document in the form of data collecting instrument, statistical consensus, data stream by logikal and physical, data element of early in data dictionary.

GENERATING SYSTEMS ALTERNATIVES

Way of drawing near system condition in this time with the ideal system condition

1. Making alternative to solve problem the information system

2. the Best alternative applied wisely

Strategy Choice

- Distributed Versus centralized processing : change of information Decision from centralized of data processing to decentralized end user responsibility center

- Integrated Versus dispersed database : System designer have to consider the data of any kind of incoming in data base and which come into the File

- Surround Strategy of System Development : Environmental about important strategy in the case of confiscation of because information system from other dissimilar company possible differ from the company in this time.

Tactics Choice

Conducted by before choice of operational scheme

- Choice of Operational Scheme

Scheme Choice can be grouped by into

1. Input

Online Vs Off Line Data Entry

Keyed Vs Machine Readable Data Entry

Centralized Vs Decentralized Data Entry

2. Processing

Batch of Vs Realtime record update

Sequential Vs Direct Access to records

Single Vs Multiple User update the of records

3. Output

Traditional Vs Turn Around Documents

Structured Vs Inquiry based reports

SELECTING THE PROPER SYSTEM

- Tactics compare the : System compared to by pursuant to expense and advantage relatively There is 3 way of system A told by more pre-eminent with the other system if :

1. A have the lower expense from B and advantage of both is of equal

2. A have the lower expense from B and A yield the advantage which is more than B

3. A And B have the expense of is of equal but advantage yielded by A of more amount

- Some Method of Komparasi System

1. Break Even point Analyisis

2. Payback Period

3. Discounted Payback period

4. Internal of Rate Of Return

Katagori Expense

- Hardware

- Software

- People

- Suppliers

- Teleccommunications

- Physical Sites

Expense Detail

Comparing expense of information system of through system life, projection analyst of how many expense change for the future and there is 3 model of expense of information system that is Linear, Eksponensial And Step Function

SELECTING THE PROPER SYSTEM.

- Expense of information system can just be happened once and earn is also happened chronically

- Expense of just information system that happened once that is ontime cost and development cost that happened system development moment

- Expense of information system that happened continually among other things is reccuring cost and also operational cost of where this expense is happened by the moment of information system operate every day.

INFORMATION SYSTEM FACTOR

Factor Qualitative instructing good information system performance among other things :

- Lessening mistake storey level

- Lessening time to improve repair the mistake

- Lessening time listen carefully from workstation alternative

- Quickening ready time of information

- Improving system security

- Multiply to update the active source record

- Improving wearer satisfaction

FACTOR of COMPANY STRATEGY

- Consumer Satisfaction

- Mount the sale mount the

- Komitmen of Consumer and vendor

- product marketing Information

PRESENTING SYSTEM STUDY

- Conducting presentation in a word

- Lessening technique clarification in detail

- Presenting clearly by means of assist visual

- If using model use the assistive appliance for example laptop so that more informative

- Emphasizing advantage from proposal of information system with a few existing alternative according to natural by condition of company

DECISION CONTINUE OR NOT

- If company set mind on to develop the system hence information department will conduct the process hereinafter that is Process The Desain System

- If on the contrary hence System Development Life Cycle ( SDLC) will be discontinued

- Frequently will be found by problem with the study system and and usually top management will ask conducting of reworking to study system

- Model will explain the some part of step repeated and sometime information department will make decision to repeat the step of before explaining study system

- With the alternative, decision to repeat a not to speak of or previous step SDLC of Go – No – Go Decision.

Third Quiz

1. Its his develop an information system is mean to compile a system which to replace the system old ones as a whole or improve repair the system which there have, System old ones require to be improve repaired or in changing.

2. Target in developing a[n information system is :

1. Existence of problems of arising out in system old ones like :

a. Soltving Problems

This solving problem can be in the form of the insincerity and intentional mistake insincerity can cause the truth from data less be well guaranted, its not efficient operate

b. Organizational growth

Organizational Growth among other things is information requirement which is wide progressively, volume of data processing progressively mount. Caused by it is this change make the old system is not effective again.

2. To reach for the opportunity

Organizational start to feel that information technology require to be used ready to increase information so that can support in course of decision making to be done by management. In a state of market compete the, time efficiency very determining of success or do not it him strategy and plans to reach for the existing opportunity

3. Existence of instruktions

New System compilation can be happened by caused by its is instruction from head or organizational outside, like for example governmental regulation.

3. Expectation after applying a information system is :

a. Performance, improvement to new system performance so that become more effective. Measurable performance by Throughput is and response time. Where throughput is work amount which can be conducted at the time of certain and Response time is time mean delayed among two transaction added with the time response to answer to the the work

b. Information, improvement to presented information quality

c. Economy, performance to benefit or advantage or decreasing cost that happened

d. Control, performance to operation to detect and improve;repair the mistake and also insincerity that happened

e. Efficiency, improvement to efficiency operate for the. Efficiency relate to how resource can be used with the most extravagance of minimum. Measurable efficiency from outputnya divided by its input

f. Services, improvement to service given by system.

4. Principle in developing a[n information system is :

1. System developed is to menajemen.

After system finish hence to use the information from this system is management, so that system have to can support the management requirement

2. System developed by is big capital invesment

Information system to be developed to require the capital fund which by dozens. hence each;every capital invesment have to consider 2 matter for example all investigation alternative which must and best invesment have to be valuable

3. System developed need one who educated

Human being represent the primary factor determining success or failure of a system. There fore involver in development or system use one who have to be educated of existing about problems. here non meaning have to formally but can be done in grounding ( on the job training) so that they know about way of using applied system

4. Step work and duties which must be done in course of development system.

Process the system development generally entangle some step work and a[n team to do it. System Development Life Cycle generally show the step by step work and duty which must be done. Some methodology of system development also provide more detailed the job concept which must be done in course of system development.

5. Process the development system do not have to massage the

The example, time process the levying hardware done, meaningless process the system development of the other discontinued just to wait to come the hardware which need, but can be done by a irrespective otherdissimilar scheme of existence hardware

6. Don'T fear to cancel the project

Decision to continue a project or cancel it is true have to be evaluated by the carefully of so that fund is not permeated fruitlessly. Ekonom mention the fund is permeated by the name of sunk cost. If project which improper still be continued by next again,so fund will be permeated without effect

7. Documentation there must be for the guidance of in development system

documentation just made at the (time) of system development still in course of, because documentation can be yielded from result of every step in system development. Documentation made serve the purpose of communications substance of between analyst with the system consumer and applicable to push the involvement of system wearer.

5. Model of Waterfall

Requirements give service, definition, and system target determining to through consultancy with system user. Last to design which is process scheme of system divide conditions in hardware system and software. Determining system architecture as a whole. Hereinafter Implementation which design software realized as with refer toing program unit or program entangling verification that eachevery unit have fulfilled its specification.Afterwards to verification represent program unit or integrated individual program and tested as complete system to guarantee that conditions of system have been fulfilled. After examination of system, software sent to User.Last maintenance include cover correction and various error which do not be found by at previous phases, repair of system unit implementation and development of service of system.

Model of Iterasi

First do Initial planning that is making planning. Requirements collecting requirement completely later;then [is] later;then analysed and defined [by] requirement which must fulfill by program to be woke up. Analysis & design in doing after requirement have been collected completely. Mendesain program Implementation translated into codes by using Ianguage of pemrograman which have been determined. Testing federating of program units is later then tested as a whole then terakhing with evaluation which evaluating.

Model of Spiral

Determine Objective determine the intention of determined phase. Boundaries at product and process have been known. Planning have been prepared. Identify risks resolve and each;every risk analysed in detail at this sector. Handling stages steps done, for example making prototype to know to incompatibility of Validation test and kebutuhan.Development which after risk evaluation, hence system development model selected. If part of security having problem, hence using formal model with mathematical calculation. Planning representing royek evaluated or ditinjau-ulang and set mind on to continue to phase of loop hereinafter or do not.

6. Explaining approach in developing a system

1. Classic approach fight against the structure approach

Classical Approach represent the opponent from structured approach. methodologies of Approach of klsik of system development by following step in system life cycle. Start early 1970 emerging a new approach is so-called structure approach. This approach try to provide to analyst of technique system to develop the system

2. Rasher approach fight against the approach system

Piecemeal Approach represent the approach of system development emphasizing at a just just certain application or activity. activity Or application selected to be developed by regardless of position of at the system. While at systems approach pay attention to information system as one union to each its application. This approach emphasize at the goal achievement of entirety do not only emphasize at that information system is just just

3. Approach of under going up approach opponent for decreasing

Bottom-up Approach started from level of under organization that is level operational of where this transaction done. Approach is started from requirement formulation to handle the transaction and climb the level for by formulating information requirement of pursuant to the transaction. While top-down approach is on the contrary started from level for organization that is level of strategy planning. this Top-down Approach is started by defining organizational.

4. modular Total-system Approach fight against the of approach

Total-system Approach represent the approach developing system by totally. Approach difficult to be developed and inclusive of classical approach. While modular of approach try to break the complicated system become more simple so that system will be more is easy to comprehended and develop

5. Approach of jumping movement far fight against the approach expand the

Great Loop approach apply the change totally at a time use the sophisticated technology. This change a lot of risk of because computer technology so quickly expand as well as too costly. While evolutionary approach apply the sophisticated technology just to application just needing and will be non-stoped to be developed for the period of next according to requirement.

7. - Methodologies is method union, procedure, work concepts, order and postulate used by a science, artistic or the other discipline.

- Algorithm is procedure sequence for the trouble-shooting of this.

- Method is a way of systematic technique to do something

8. explaining the three classification of development methodologies

1. Functional Decomposition methodologies

This methodologies emphasize at the resolving from system into smaller subsistem so that easy to dipahami,dirancang and applied. Between HIPO, Stepwise Refinement, Information-Hiding

2. Data of Oriented methodologies

This methodologies emphasize at the characteristic from data to be processed. This methodologies can be grouped to become two,Data flow oriented methodologies and Data of structure oriented methodologies

3. Presciptive Methodologies

- ISDOS, usefulness from ISDOS is automatization process the development of system information

- PLEXSYS, usefulness from PLEXSYS is to do the transformasi of a high level statement Ianguage computer to a[n executable code to an wanted hardware configuraton

- PRIDE, representing a inwrought software is which is good to analysis / desain system structure

- SDM / 70, representing a software contain the method corps , documentation and administration guide utilize to assist the wearer develop and take care of the system.

- SPECTRUM, this software own some version for which diffrent,example spectrum1 for the life of conventional cycle , spectrum2 for the management of project of terstuktur,dan spectrum3 for the online of interactive estimator.

- SRES And SREM, in SRES of wearer requirement expressed in RSL(REQUIREMENT Statement Language). SRES is first time found in Texas Instruments Advanced Scientic year 1976.SRES owning same concept by ISDOS

9. Mentioning tool to develop a system

graph

1. HIPO Diagram
2. Data of Flow diagram
3. Structured Chat
4. SADT Diagram
5. Warnier / orr diagram
6. Jakson's Diagram

schema

1. activity charting
2. layout charting
3. personal relationship chartin

10. explaining technique used in develop a system

a. technique of menajemen project, that is CPM and PERT. Used for schedulling project

b. fact finding techniques that is technique which can be used to collect the fact in existing system

c. cost effectiveness analysis or cost benefit analysis

d. technique to run close the

e. inspection technique / walkthrough

11. Systems Analyst is one who systems analysis ( learning problem of arising out and determine the requirement of system wearer) to identify the resolving which have to the occasion.

Programmer of Is one who write the code program the to a certain application pursuant to device develop build which have been made by a system analyst

1. knowledge And membership of about technological data processing technique of computer and pemrograman computer

2. Knowledge of about business in general

3. Knowledge about quantitative method

4. Communications of Pemechan problem

5. Communications membership usher the personnel

6. Communications construct the relation user personnel

Refference :

Donald H. Saders, Computer Today, (Edisi kedua: New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985),

chapter 12.

Lihat Wilkinson, Accounting and Information Systems, (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1982), chapter. 547-549.

Beck, Kent. “Extreme Programming”. www.extremeprogramming.org